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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of β-Ketoacids01:02

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Carboxylic acids, upon heating, undergo a decarboxylation reaction by releasing carbon dioxide gas. Monocarboxylic acids do not undergo decarboxylation easily. However, a silver salt of carboxylic acid reacts with bromine or iodine under high temperature to release carbon dioxide gas and forms halide with one less carbon. This reaction is called the Hunsdiecker reaction.
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Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

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Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes
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Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes

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Diabetic ketoacidosis.

Angela Pauline P Calimag1, Sylvia Chlebek1, Edgar V Lerma2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Advocate Christ Medical Center.

Disease-A-Month : DM
|May 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious hyperglycemic emergency. This review covers DKA

Keywords:
Anion GapDiabetes MellitusDiabetic EmergencyDiabetic KetoacidosisEuglycemiaHyperglycemiaInsulinKetosisMetabolic acidosis

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism

Background:

  • Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a critical hyperglycemic emergency.
  • DKA presents in 25-40% of new Type 1 diabetes cases and 34% of Type 2 diabetes cases.
  • DKA has significant medical and economic consequences.

Approach:

  • This review explores the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of DKA.
  • Management strategies for DKA are discussed.
  • Nuances in managing DKA in special populations (pediatrics, obstetrics, CKD) are examined.

Key Points:

  • DKA is characterized by hyperglycemia, ketosis, and anion gap metabolic acidosis.
  • Early recognition and management are crucial for favorable outcomes.
  • Special populations require tailored DKA treatment approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive understanding and management of DKA are essential for all healthcare providers.
  • Further research into DKA in diverse populations may refine treatment protocols.