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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
Poliomyelitis01:17

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4
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Microscopic Polyangiitis Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report.

Daeyoung So1, Kyueng-Whan Min2,3, Woon Yong Jung2,3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea.

Journal of Korean Medical Science
|May 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The first case of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) after BNT162b2 vaccination was reported in Korea. MPA should be considered in patients with acute kidney injury, proteinuria, and hematuria post-vaccination.

Keywords:
Anti-Myeloperoxidase AutoantibodyAnti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)COVID-19COVID-19 VaccineMicroscopic Polyangiitis

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • The BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) is a key tool in combating the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is a rare autoimmune disease affecting small blood vessels.

Observation:

  • A 42-year-old man developed acute kidney injury (AKI), proteinuria, and hematuria after his second BNT162b2 vaccine dose.
  • Elevated myeloperoxidase (MPO) antibodies and pauci-immune glomerulonephritis were identified.
  • Renal biopsy confirmed MPA.

Findings:

  • The patient was treated with glucocorticoids, rituximab, and plasmapheresis.
  • Following treatment, his renal function improved significantly.

Implications:

  • This case highlights a potential rare adverse event following BNT162b2 vaccination.
  • Clinicians should consider MPA in patients presenting with AKI, proteinuria, and hematuria post-vaccination.