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Comparison of Deep Space Navigation Using Optical Imaging, Pulsar Time-of-Arrival Tracking, and/or Radiometric

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The Journal of the Astronautical Sciences
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

NASA

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Aerospace Engineering
  • Astrodynamics
  • Navigation Systems

Background:

  • Recent advancements in space navigation technologies include NASA's space-based atomic clocks and pulsar X-ray navigation.
  • Autonomous navigation has seen past successes using optical imaging.
  • A need exists to compare different space navigation methods under consistent assumptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare space navigation using optical, radiometric, and pulsar-based measurements.
  • To analyze the strengths and weaknesses of each navigation data type.
  • To assess the impact of navigation data on autonomous planetary delivery.

Main Methods:

  • A simplified deep space orbit determination problem was formulated to analyze navigation data types.
  • Semi-analytical methods and geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) techniques were used for comparison.
  • A high-fidelity Monte Carlo simulation of a Mars mission (cruise, approach, entry) was conducted.

Main Results:

  • Semi-analytical analysis provided parametric insights into the strengths of optical, radiometric, and pulsar navigation.
  • High-fidelity simulations complemented analytical results, highlighting quantitative impacts on solution accuracy.
  • The study assessed the capability of each data type to support autonomous planetary delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Different space navigation data types offer distinct advantages for orbit determination and mission success.
  • Understanding these trade-offs is crucial for designing future deep space and planetary missions.
  • Pulsar navigation, atomic clocks, and optical imaging each present unique benefits for autonomous space exploration.