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The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
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Updated: Sep 23, 2025

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

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Displaying Cost and Completion Time for Reference Laboratory Test Orders-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Shohei Ikoma¹, Logan Pierce², Douglas S Bell³

¹Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States.

Applied Clinical Informatics

|May 17, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Displaying reference laboratory test costs and turnaround times (TAT) in the electronic health record (EHR) did not significantly impact provider ordering practices. This strategy did not reduce unnecessary health care services or costs.

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Area of Science:

Health economics
Health informatics
Clinical decision support

Background:

Reducing unnecessary health care services is crucial for increasing overall health care value.
Reference laboratory tests represent a significant cost center within healthcare systems.
Provider ordering practices for these tests can influence healthcare expenditure.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of displaying cost and turnaround time (TAT) for reference laboratory tests within the electronic health record (EHR) on provider ordering patterns.
To determine if this intervention influences the frequency of test orders and associated costs.

Main Methods:

A randomized controlled trial was implemented, displaying cost and TAT data for reference laboratory tests only to the intervention group.
A 24-month dataset (12 months baseline, 12 months intervention) was analyzed.
Difference-in-differences (DID) analysis using a linear mixed-effects model was performed to assess changes in test ordering.

Main Results:

No significant difference in the DID of aggregate test-order costs and volume was observed between the control and intervention groups in both inpatient and ambulatory settings.
Stratified analysis by relative cost and TAT also showed no significant differences in ordering patterns.
The intervention did not lead to a reduction in the frequency or cost of reference laboratory test orders.

Conclusions:

Displaying cost and TAT information at the point of order entry in the EHR did not significantly alter provider ordering practices for reference laboratory tests.
Factors such as lack of alternative tests, late-stage ordering, and provider level may have limited the intervention's effectiveness.
The study did not find a significant association between the display of cost or TAT and ordering frequency, suggesting limited impact on reducing unnecessary services.