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Neuromuscular abnormalities associated with hypothyroidism and lymphocytic thyroiditis in three dogs
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|March 1, 1987
Summary
Hypothyroidism in dogs can cause hindlimb weakness and neurological issues. This study links canine hypothyroidism and lymphocytic thyroiditis to paresis and muscle abnormalities.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Neurology
- Endocrinology
- Canine Pathology
Background:
- Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder in dogs.
- Lymphocytic thyroiditis is an autoimmune condition affecting the thyroid gland.
- Neuromuscular dysfunction can be a clinical sign of endocrine diseases.
Observation:
- Three dogs with hypothyroidism and lymphocytic thyroiditis presented with varying degrees of hindlimb or generalized paresis.
- Clinical signs included lethargy, obesity, alopecia, progressive weakness, hypotonia, and slowed reflexes.
- One dog exhibited paroxysmal paresis and behavioral changes.
Findings:
- All dogs had subnormal thyroid function.
- Electromyography revealed abnormal potentials and slowed nerve conduction velocities.
- Muscle biopsies showed type-II myofiber atrophy in all dogs, with evidence of denervation in one.
- Intracytoplasmic vacuoles containing a substance staining with para-aminosalicylic acid were noted in one dog's type-I myofibers.
Implications:
- This study highlights a potential link between canine hypothyroidism, lymphocytic thyroiditis, and neuromuscular dysfunction.
- Findings suggest the need for thorough neurological and endocrine evaluation in dogs presenting with paresis.
- Further research may elucidate the specific mechanisms by which thyroid dysfunction impacts canine neuromuscular systems.