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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 23, 2025

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

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Alcohol Consumption and 15 Causes of Fatal Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Hillel R Alpert¹, Megan E Slater¹, Young-Hee Yoon¹

¹CSR, Incorporated, Sterling, Virginia.

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

|May 17, 2022

Summary

Excessive alcohol use contributes significantly to fatal nontraffic injuries. Updated alcohol-attributable fractions help estimate the public health impact of heavy drinking and inform prevention strategies.

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Epidemiology
Injury Prevention

Background:

Excessive alcohol use is a major public health concern linked to various injury deaths.
Accurate estimation of alcohol's contribution to injury mortality is crucial for effective prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the proportion of fatal nontraffic injuries involving high alcohol use.
To generate updated alcohol-attributable fractions (AAFs) by cause of injury.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of peer-reviewed and gray literature (1995-2019) on 15 causes of fatal nontraffic injuries in North America.
Meta-analysis of single proportions using generalized linear mixed models to synthesize AAFs by injury cause.

Main Results:

Median alcohol-attributable fraction across all causes was 0.27.
Highest AAFs observed for railroad trespasser injuries (0.63), fall injuries (0.37), and fire injuries (0.34).
Significant AAFs also found for drowning (0.31), homicide (0.29), and motor vehicle nontraffic crashes (0.42).

Conclusions:

Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with a substantial proportion of fatal nontraffic injuries.
Updated AAFs can improve estimates of alcohol-attributable injury deaths.
Findings support evidence-based prevention strategies to reduce alcohol-related injury mortality.