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Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

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The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
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Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
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A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
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Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
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Do heart rate variability indices present potential to predict late postmenopausal? A retrospective study.

Tatiana Dias de Carvalho1, Alex Rey Norberto1, Fernando Rocha Oliveira2

  • 1Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Disciplina de Ginecologia - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.

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|May 18, 2022
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Summary

Heart rate variability decreases with longer postmenopausal duration. The RRtri index, lower in late postmenopausal women, may predict this stage.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Gynecology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Menopause significantly impacts women's cardiovascular health.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects autonomic nervous system function and cardiovascular risk.
  • Understanding HRV changes across postmenopausal stages is crucial for health assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare HRV indices between early and late postmenopausal women.
  • To evaluate the correlation of HRV indices with postmenopausal duration.
  • To assess the prognostic value of HRV for predicting late postmenopause.

Main Methods:

  • Observational, retrospective study using medical records (2018-2019).
  • 123 women over 40 with menopause were divided into early (n=55) and late (n=68) postmenopausal groups.
  • Analysis of heart rate variability indices, including RRtri (triangular index), SDNN, and SD2.

Main Results:

  • The RRtri index was significantly lower in late postmenopausal women (7.15) compared to early postmenopausal women (8.68; p=0.040).
  • A weak negative correlation was observed between postmenopausal time and SDNN, RRtri, and SD2.
  • The RRtri index demonstrated potential in predicting late postmenopausal status.

Conclusions:

  • Increased postmenopausal duration is associated with decreased global heart rate variability.
  • The geometric index RRtri is significantly reduced in late postmenopausal women.
  • RRtri shows promise as a predictive marker for late postmenopause.