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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy
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CD70 CAR T cells in AML: Form follows function.

Justin Mirazee1, Nirali N Shah2

  • 1Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Johns Hopkins University Department of Biology, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Cell Reports. Medicine
|May 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel CD70-targeted Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for acute myeloid leukemia. This synergistic strategy enhances CAR T-cell function by modifying the CAR T-cell construct and boosting leukemia antigen expression.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunotherapy
  • Oncology
  • Cellular Therapy

Background:

  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a challenging hematologic malignancy with limited treatment options.
  • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown promise but faces hurdles in efficacy and specificity for certain cancers.
  • CD70 is an antigen expressed on some leukemia cells, making it a potential target for immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel CD70-targeted CAR T-cell therapy for acute myeloid leukemia.
  • To investigate a synergistic strategy combining CAR T-cell construct modification and enhancement of leukemia antigen expression.
  • To improve the functionality and efficacy of CAR T-cells in the context of AML.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a modified CAR T-cell construct targeting the CD70 antigen.
  • Strategies to enhance the expression of leukemia-associated antigens on target cells.
  • In vitro and potentially in vivo assessment of CAR T-cell activity, including cytotoxicity and cytokine production.

Main Results:

  • The study reports a multimodal approach to create a CD70-targeted CAR T-cell therapy.
  • A synergistic strategy was employed, involving modifications to the CAR T-cell construct.
  • Enhancement of leukemia antigen expression was integrated to improve CAR T-cell functionality.

Conclusions:

  • The developed CD70-targeted CAR T-cell therapy represents a promising advancement in AML treatment.
  • The synergistic approach of modifying CAR T-cells and enhancing antigen expression shows potential for improved therapeutic outcomes.
  • Further research and clinical evaluation are warranted to validate the efficacy and safety of this novel immunotherapy.