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Diterpenoids from Streptomyces: Structures, Biosyntheses and Bioactivities.

Kai Gong1, Daojing Yong1, Jun Fu1

  • 1Shandong University - Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, China.

Chembiochem : a European Journal of Chemical Biology
|May 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Streptomyces bacteria produce unique diterpenoids with potential for new drugs and biocatalysis applications. This review highlights their structures, biosynthesis, and bioactivities, offering novel opportunities.

Keywords:
Streptomycesbioactivitiesbiosynthetic gene clustersditerpenoid terpene synthasesditerpenoids

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Natural Products Chemistry
  • Focuses on bacterial secondary metabolites and their applications.

Background:

  • Streptomyces bacteria are prolific producers of diverse natural products.
  • Diterpenoids, a class of terpenoids, are increasingly being discovered from microbial sources.
  • While less common than in plants or fungi, microbial diterpenoids possess unique characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review diterpenoids biosynthesized by Streptomyces species.
  • To emphasize their structural diversity, biosynthetic pathways, and biological activities.
  • To highlight the potential of these compounds in drug discovery and biotechnology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published studies on Streptomyces-derived diterpenoids.
  • Analysis of structural features, biosynthetic gene clusters, and reported bioactivities.
  • Comparative assessment with diterpenoids from other natural sources.

Main Results:

  • Streptomyces diterpenoids exhibit novel and complex chemical skeletons.
  • Biosynthetic pathways often involve unique enzymatic machinery.
  • Reported bioactivities include antimicrobial, anticancer, and enzyme inhibition properties.

Conclusions:

  • Diterpenoids from Streptomyces represent a valuable, yet underexplored, resource.
  • Their unique structures and bioactivities offer significant potential for pharmaceutical and biotechnological innovation.
  • Further research into Streptomyces diterpenoid biosynthesis can unlock new enzyme mechanisms and engineering applications.