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Delayed Neuropsychiatric Sequel Following Pediatric Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: A Case Report and Literature Review

Hila Gavrieli1, Iris Noyman2, Eli Hershkovitz1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, Beersheba, Israel.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|May 19, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning can cause delayed neuropsychiatric sequelae (DNPS) weeks after exposure, leading to severe neurological issues. This case highlights DNPS presenting as seizures, encephalopathy, and optic nerve damage in a young patient.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Toxicology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a significant public health concern.
  • The primary mechanism involves hypoxia from carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) formation.
  • Delayed neuropsychiatric sequelae (DNPS) can manifest days to weeks after initial CO exposure.

Observation:

  • DNPS presents with diverse symptoms including mood disorders, encephalopathy, and seizures.
  • The pathogenesis involves hypoxia, inflammation, and direct cellular damage.
  • A case of a 13-year-old boy with DNPS, seizures, encephalopathy, and optic nerve damage is presented.

Findings:

  • The case illustrates a severe presentation of DNPS in an adolescent.
  • Optic nerve damage was a notable complication in this patient.
  • The complex pathogenesis of DNPS remains incompletely understood.

Implications:

  • Increased awareness of DNPS is crucial for timely diagnosis.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate DNPS pathogenesis.
  • Understanding DNPS can lead to improved treatment strategies for CO poisoning survivors.

Keywords:
carbon monoxide poisoningdelayed neurological sequeldelayed neuropsychiatric sequelencephalopathyneurological disordersseizure

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