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Related Concept Videos

Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

14.8K
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
14.8K
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

15.4K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
15.4K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

19.2K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
19.2K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

3.2K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
3.2K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

44.9K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
44.9K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

10.1K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
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Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding

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Structural dynamics of polycrystalline graphene.

Zihua Liu1, Debabrata Panja1, Gerard T Barkema1

  • 1Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Physical Review. E
|May 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Computer simulations reveal how polycrystalline graphene

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Computational Materials Science

Background:

  • Graphene's exceptional properties drive its use in functional applications.
  • Large-area graphene samples are typically polycrystalline.
  • Understanding mechanical properties is crucial for applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanical properties of polycrystalline graphene using computer simulations.
  • To link simulation findings to experimentally relevant mechanical properties.
  • To explore the influence of structural properties on graphene's mechanical behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Computer simulations of graphene's mechanical properties.
  • Analysis of fluctuations in the lateral dimensions of simulation cells (area A and aspect ratio B).

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Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures

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Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moiré Superlattice Devices

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Related Experiment Videos

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Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
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Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moiré Superlattice Devices
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  • Application of the Nernst-Einstein relation to connect diffusion coefficients to dynamic behavior under external forces.

    • Main Results:

    • Graphene's area (A) and aspect ratio (B) exhibit diffusive behavior on short timescales.
    • Diffusion coefficients D_{A} and D_{B} are interrelated.
    • Area fluctuations are bounded at longer times, while aspect ratio fluctuations are not.
    • Defect density influences diffusion coefficients.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides a method to derive mechanical properties of polycrystalline graphene from simulation data.
    • The findings offer insights into graphene's behavior under external forces.
    • The relationship between diffusion coefficients and structural properties is established.