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Updated: Sep 22, 2025

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Higher-order interactions promote chimera states.

Srilena Kundu1, Dibakar Ghosh1

  • 1Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B. T. Road, Kolkata 700108, India.

Physical Review. E
|May 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered chimera states without phase lag in Kuramoto oscillator networks by introducing nonpairwise interactions. This nonlinearity in coupled systems eliminates the need for a phase lag, enabling new chimera dynamics.

Area of Science:

  • Complex Systems
  • Nonlinear Dynamics
  • Network Science

Background:

  • Chimera states, characterized by coexisting coherent and incoherent domains, typically require a non-zero phase lag in nonlocally coupled Kuramoto oscillator networks.
  • Traditional understanding posits phase lag as a necessary condition for chimera state emergence in pairwise coupled systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emergence of chimera states in the absence of a phase lag parameter.
  • To explore the role of nonpairwise interactions and system nonlinearity in facilitating phase-lag-free chimera states.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling a network of identical Kuramoto phase oscillators with both pairwise and nonpairwise interactions.
  • Introducing nonlinearity via simplicial complex interactions to alter system dynamics.

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  • Characterizing chimera states using appropriate measures and analyzing parameter spaces.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the emergence of chimera states in a nonlocally coupled Kuramoto network without requiring a non-zero phase lag.
    • Showcased that nonpairwise interactions, particularly those involving nonlinearity like simplicial complexes, can mitigate the need for a phase lag.
    • Identified that the reciprocity between pairwise and nonpairwise interaction strengths drives chimera states, exhibiting multistable behavior.

    Conclusions:

    • Nonpairwise interactions offer a novel mechanism for generating chimera states, decoupling them from the phase lag requirement.
    • The findings expand the understanding of chimera state formation and the role of network topology and interaction types.
    • This research opens avenues for exploring complex dynamics in networks with higher-order interactions.