Investigation of Concrete Shrinkage Reducing Additives

This paper analyzes the efficiency of shrinkage reducing additives for the shrinkage deformations of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete and its mechanical properties. OPC concrete was modified with an organic compound-based shrinkage reducing additive (SRA), quicklime, polypropylene fiber, and hemp fiber. It was found that a combination of 2.5% quicklime and 1.5% SRA led to the highest reduction in shrinkage deformations in concrete, and the values of shrinkage reached up to 40.0%. On the contrary, compositions with 1.5% SRA were found to have a significant reduction in compressive strength after 100 freeze-thaw cycles. Hemp fiber did not show a significant shrinkage reduction, but it is an environmentally friendly additive, which can improve OPC concrete flexural strength. Polypropylene fiber can be used in conjunction with shrinkage reducing additives to improve other mechanical properties of concrete. It was observed that 3.0 kg/m³ of polypropylene fiber in concrete could increase flexural strength by 11.7%. Moreover, before degradation, concrete with polypropylene fiber shows high fracture energy and decent residual strength of 1.9 MPa when a 3.5 mm crack appears. The tests showed a compressive strength decrease in all compositions with shrinkage reducing additives and its combinations after 28 days of hardening.