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Predictors of Rehabilitation Referral Among Cardiovascular Surgical Patients

Laura Gómez González1, Marta Supervia1,2, José R Medina-Inojosa2,3,4

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|May 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) referral after surgery is low, with only 13.8% of patients participating. Factors like cardiovascular risk, younger age, and specific surgeries predict higher CR referral rates, highlighting the need to optimize CR programs.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading global cause of mortality.
  • Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs improve CVD outcomes but are underutilized.
  • Understanding patient profiles for CR post-cardiac surgery is crucial for improving access.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the characteristics of patients who receive cardiac rehabilitation after cardiac surgery.
  • To determine factors influencing referral rates to CR programs.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of 336 cardiac surgery patients from January to December 2017.
  • Collected socio-demographic and clinical data from Intensive Care Unit admissions.
  • Analyzed referral rates to CR based on patient profiles and surgical types.

Main Results:

  • Only 13.8% of patients were referred to CR; 4.8% received motor rehabilitation.
  • Higher CR referral rates were observed in patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, those under 65, and after coronary surgery or heart transplantation.
  • Age, ischemic heart disease, and overweight were independent predictors for CR referral.

Conclusions:

  • Despite proven benefits, CR referral rates post-cardiac surgery remain low.
  • Optimizing referral protocols is essential to increase CR program utilization.
  • Targeted interventions may improve access for eligible patient populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
cardiac surgical procedurescardiovascular diseasecardiovascular rehabilitationreferral and consultationsecondary prevention

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