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Validity of self-reported educational level in the Tromsø Study.

Chi Q Vo1, Per-Jostein Samuelsen1,2, Hilde L Sommerseth3

  • 1Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.

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Summary

Self-reported educational level in the Tromsø Study is generally accurate. However, using this data may weaken the observed associations between education and cardiometabolic diseases compared to registry data.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Self-reported educational data has been collected in the Tromsø Study for decades.
  • The validity of this self-reported educational data has not been previously established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the completeness and correctness of self-reported educational level against Statistics Norway data.
  • To examine the impact of using self-reported versus registry-based educational data on observed trends in cardiometabolic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • A comparison of self-reported and Statistics Norway-recorded educational levels for 20,615 participants in the Tromsø Study (Tromsø7, 2015-2016).
  • Validity metrics including sensitivity, positive predictive value, and weighted kappa were calculated across different age groups and sexes.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analyzed educational trends in cardiometabolic diseases using both data sources.

Main Results:

  • Sensitivity for self-reported higher education (college/university ⩾4 years) was high (⩾97%).
  • Sensitivity for primary education ranged from 67% to 92%.
  • Positive predictive values were lower for higher education among women (29-46%), and weighted kappa indicated moderate to substantial agreement.
  • Observed educational trends in cardiometabolic disease risk were less pronounced with self-reported data.

Conclusions:

  • Self-reported educational level in the Tromsø7 cohort is sufficiently complete and correct for use.
  • Self-reported educational data may attenuate associations between education and cardiometabolic diseases compared to registry-based data.