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Coriolis Force

Coriolis Force

An accelerating particle experiences a force equal to the mass multiplied by the acceleration in an inertial frame of reference. Consider a particle in a non-inertial frame of reference, such as a sliding ball on a rotating table. The acceleration of the ball in this rotating reference frame is different than in the intertial frame, which modifies its equation of motion. The fictitious forces acting additionally on a rotating frame of reference alter Newton's Second Law expression.

Irrotational Flow

Irrotational Flow

Irrotational flow is characterized by fluid motion where particles do not rotate around their axes, resulting in zero vorticity. For a flow to be irrotational, the curl of the velocity field must be zero. This imposes specific conditions on velocity gradients. For instance, to maintain zero rotation about the z-axis, the gradient condition:

Couette Flow

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface

Hydrostatic pressure on curved surfaces is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics with broad applications in the civil engineering field. When fluid is in contact with a curved surface, as in a reservoir, dam, or storage tank, it exerts pressure that varies in magnitude and direction along the curved surface. To assess the total hydrostatic force exerted by the fluid on a curved structure, engineers typically isolate the fluid volume adjacent to the surface and analyze the forces acting on...

Eulerian and Lagrangian Flow Descriptions

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Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Published on: October 5, 2018

Unidirectional Modes Induced by Nontraditional Coriolis Force in Stratified Fluids.

Nicolas Perez¹, Pierre Delplace¹, Antoine Venaille¹

¹Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique (UMR CNRS 5672), F-69342 Lyon, France.

Physical Review Letters

|May 20, 2022

Summary

This study reveals novel unidirectional fluid modes in rotating stratified systems. These modes, akin to atmospheric Lamb waves, are guided by stratification and influenced by the Coriolis force.

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Last Updated: Sep 22, 2025

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Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Geophysics
Mathematical physics

Background:

Rotating stratified fluids exhibit complex wave phenomena.
The Coriolis force, arising from rotation, significantly influences fluid motion.
Stratification and gravity break vertical mirror symmetry, affecting wave behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize new unidirectional wave modes in compressible rotating stratified fluids.
To elucidate the role of symmetry breaking (time-reversal and vertical mirror) in the emergence of these modes.
To investigate the influence of the nontraditional component of the Coriolis force on wave propagation.

Main Methods:

Topological analysis of fluid equations.
Symmetry analysis (time-reversal and vertical mirror symmetry).
Investigation of the Coriolis force components.

Main Results:

Discovery of new unidirectional modes in compressible rotating stratified fluids.
These modes emerge due to broken time-reversal and vertical mirror symmetries.
Vertically trapped modes propagate along interfaces, distinct from horizontally trapped equatorial waves.
These modes are identified as generalized atmospheric Lamb waves.

Conclusions:

The nontraditional Coriolis force component is crucial for the existence and directionality of these novel fluid modes.
These findings offer new insights into wave propagation in stratified rotating systems, with potential applications in atmospheric and oceanic dynamics.