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Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and coronary atherosclerosis

Ji Hyun Song1, Young Sun Kim1, Su-Yeon Choi1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea.

Plos One
|May 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is linked to higher coronary artery calcium scores (CACS), indicating coronary atherosclerosis. However, GERD and high CACS do not directly increase each other's risk. Assess CACS in GERD patients with risk factors.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) often presents with heartburn but can cause chest pain, mimicking cardiac issues.
  • Shared risk factors like smoking and obesity exist between GERD and coronary artery disease (CAD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between GERD and coronary atherosclerosis.
  • To identify risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis in patients diagnosed with GERD.

Main Methods:

  • 16,616 subjects underwent upper endoscopy and cardiac CT scan between 2003-2017.
  • Coronary atherosclerosis assessed via coronary artery calcium score (CACS); GERD severity graded using the Los Angeles classification.

Main Results:

  • A higher proportion of subjects with severe GERD had high CACS (≥100) (p=0.008).
  • Neither high CACS nor GERD independently increased the risk of the other condition.
  • Risk factors for high CACS in GERD patients included older age, male sex, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia.

Conclusions:

  • While not directly causative, severe GERD correlates with increased coronary atherosclerosis.
  • Coronary artery calcium scoring may be beneficial for GERD patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors.
Abstract

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