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Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Human Deciduous and Permanent Teeth
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Long-term hypoxia inhibits the passage-dependent stemness decrease and senescence increase of human dental pulp stem

Hongfang Meng1, Fen Wei2, Zhiqiang Ge3

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, PR China.

Tissue & Cell
|May 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long-term hypoxic culture maintains the stemness and reduces senescence in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). This method is beneficial for expanding these cells for therapeutic use.

Keywords:
Dental pulp stem cellsHypoxiaSenescenceStemness

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a valuable source for mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy.
  • Limited pulp tissue and senescence during long-term culture pose challenges for DPSC expansion.
  • Previous studies on hypoxic culture for DPSCs yielded contradictory results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of hypoxic culture on the biological characteristics of human DPSCs (hDPSCs).
  • To determine if hypoxia can mitigate senescence and maintain stemness in long-term cultured hDPSCs.

Main Methods:

  • hDPSCs were cultured under normoxic and hypoxic (5% O2) conditions from passage 3 to passage 6.
  • Evaluated cell surface markers, proliferation, senescence, and spontaneous/induced differentiation at passage 4 and 6.
  • Analyzed stemness markers (STRO-1, OCT4) and senescence markers (P53, TGF-β).

Main Results:

  • Hypoxic culture did not alter hDPSC morphology, phenotype, or proliferation.
  • Long-term normoxic culture led to stemness loss and senescence, which hypoxia alleviated.
  • Hypoxia increased stemness marker expression and reduced senescent cells and related genes.
  • Hypoxia suppressed spontaneous and induced osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation markers.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term hypoxic culture benefits the maintenance of hDPSC biological characteristics.
  • Hypoxia can mitigate senescence and stemness loss in cultured hDPSCs.
  • Findings offer insights for the large-scale expansion of hDPSCs for therapeutic applications.