Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Photosystems01:32

Photosystems

5.0K
Photosystems are multiprotein complexes that form the functional units of photosynthesis in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. They are found embedded in the membrane of tiny sac-like structures called thylakoids placed inside the chloroplast.
Functioning of Photosystems
Photosystems contain many pigment molecules, such as chlorophylls and carotenoids, arranged in a particular organization across two domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
5.0K
The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

10.6K
The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...
10.6K
Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light02:00

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

25.9K
Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
25.9K
Photosystem II01:22

Photosystem II

73.0K
The multi-protein complex photosystem II (PS II) harvests photons and transfers their energy through its bound pigments to its reaction center, and ultimately to photosystem I (PSI) through the electron transport chain. The pigments responsible for caputirng the light energy in photosystems include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
The pigment molecules are arranged across  two photosystem domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
73.0K
Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

39.3K
The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
39.3K
The Calvin Cycle01:40

The Calvin Cycle

77.1K
OverviewOxygenic photosynthesis plays a central role in the global carbon and oxygen cycles. The carbohydrates produced support nearly all food webs, while the oxygen by‑product enables aerobic life.Light‑dependent and light‑independent reactionsPhotosynthesis occurs in two main stages, each in a different part of the chloroplast: light‑dependent reactions and light‑independent reactions, also called the Calvin‑Benson cycle or simply the Calvin...
77.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The red and blue light dialogue of stomatal regulation for water-efficient crops.

Plant physiology·2026
Same author

Evaluating the Combined Effects of Elevated [CO<sub>2</sub>] and Accelerated NPQ Relaxation on Yield, Physiology and Transcription in Soybean.

Plant, cell & environment·2026
Same author

A Fluorescence-Based Transient Expression Assay for the Analysis of Upstream Open Reading Frames in Plants.

Plant direct·2026
Same author

A conversational multi-agent AI system for automated plant phenotyping.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Focus issue editorial: ecophysiology.

Plant physiology·2026
Same author

Guard cell photorespiration controls stomata behavior and development.

The New phytologist·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses
10:20

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses

Published on: August 9, 2019

12.8K

Into the Shadows and Back into Sunlight: Photosynthesis in Fluctuating Light.

Stephen P Long1,2,3, Samuel H Taylor3, Steven J Burgess1

  • 1Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;

Annual Review of Plant Biology
|May 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Improving crop yield potential involves enhancing photosynthesis. This study investigates accelerating leaf CO2 assimilation (A) during light fluctuations, a key factor for increasing crop productivity.

Keywords:
Rubiscocrop breedingcrop productivitygenetic engineeringnonphotochemical quenchingphotosynthesisphotosynthetic inductionstomata

More Related Videos

High-Throughput Analysis of Non-Photochemical Quenching in Crops Using Pulse Amplitude Modulated Chlorophyll Fluorometry
10:08

High-Throughput Analysis of Non-Photochemical Quenching in Crops Using Pulse Amplitude Modulated Chlorophyll Fluorometry

Published on: July 6, 2022

4.4K
Separation of Spinach Thylakoid Protein Complexes by Native Green Gel Electrophoresis and Band Characterization using Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting
08:40

Separation of Spinach Thylakoid Protein Complexes by Native Green Gel Electrophoresis and Band Characterization using Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting

Published on: February 14, 2019

8.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses
10:20

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses

Published on: August 9, 2019

12.8K
High-Throughput Analysis of Non-Photochemical Quenching in Crops Using Pulse Amplitude Modulated Chlorophyll Fluorometry
10:08

High-Throughput Analysis of Non-Photochemical Quenching in Crops Using Pulse Amplitude Modulated Chlorophyll Fluorometry

Published on: July 6, 2022

4.4K
Separation of Spinach Thylakoid Protein Complexes by Native Green Gel Electrophoresis and Band Characterization using Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting
08:40

Separation of Spinach Thylakoid Protein Complexes by Native Green Gel Electrophoresis and Band Characterization using Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting

Published on: February 14, 2019

8.4K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Crop Science
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Crop yield potential remains improvable through enhanced photosynthesis.
  • Current photosynthetic research focuses on light-saturated conditions, neglecting dynamic light fluctuations in canopies.
  • Dynamic light changes significantly impact crop CO2 assimilation (A), causing substantial losses (10-40%).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore methods for accelerating photosynthetic adjustments during sun-shade and shade-sun transitions.
  • To minimize CO2 assimilation losses caused by light fluctuations in crop canopies.
  • To review factors limiting adjustment speeds and potential modification strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing measurement and analysis techniques for photosynthesis during light transitions.
  • Investigating transgenic manipulation and gene editing approaches.
  • Exploring the exploitation of natural variation in photosynthetic efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Transgenic strategies have already demonstrated significant productivity increases in field trials.
  • Identified key factors limiting photosynthetic adjustment speed: nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), Rubisco activation, and stomatal responses.
  • Proposed strategies to modify these factors for improved efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Accelerating photosynthetic adjustments to light fluctuations is a critical strategy for enhancing crop yield.
  • Targeting NPQ, Rubisco activation, and stomatal responses offers promising avenues for genetic improvement.
  • Further research and application of genetic tools can unlock substantial gains in crop productivity.