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Multicommutation flow analysis system for non-enzymatic lactate determination based on light-driven photometric assay
Justyna Głowacka1, Robert Koncki1, Kamil Strzelak1
1University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
Analytica Chimica Acta
|May 20, 2022
Summary
A new automated system uses light and flow analysis for precise lactate determination. This bioanalytical tool offers high sensitivity and low sample consumption for analyzing human serum.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Biotechnology
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Lactate determination is crucial in clinical diagnostics.
- Existing methods for lactate analysis can be time-consuming and reagent-intensive.
- There is a need for rapid, sensitive, and automated lactate detection systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a fully-mechanized bioanalytical system for photometric, light-driven lactate determination.
- To achieve precise control over assay parameters using Arduino-compatible electronics.
- To enhance assay selectivity and reduce sample/reagent consumption.
Main Methods:
- A flow-through cell system utilizing UV-LEDs for photochemical reduction of Fe(III) in the presence of lactate.
- LED-photodiode detection of the Fe(II)-Ferrozine complex.
- A multicommutation flow analysis system controlled by Arduino, featuring solenoid micropumps and microvalves.
- Optimization of irradiation time and UV-LED current for precise control.
Main Results:
- The system enables lactate determination in the sub-milimolar range (6.0–300.0 μmol/L).
- Achieved satisfactory sensitivity (597.1 AU·L/μmol) and a low detection limit (3.4 μmol/L).
- Demonstrated significant reduction in sample (1.25–0.5 μL) and reagent consumption.
- High sample throughput of 24 detections per hour was achieved.
- Kinetic monitoring improved assay selectivity by discriminating potential interferents.
- Analysis of human serum standards showed recovery values between 92.1–104.2%.
Conclusions:
- The developed mechanized bioanalytical system provides a sensitive, selective, and efficient method for lactate determination.
- The system's automation and low consumption make it suitable for routine clinical diagnostics.
- Precise control over assay parameters and kinetic monitoring enhance reliability and applicability.
- The system's performance, validated with human serum, indicates its practical utility.
