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pH-Dependent Switchable Permeability from Core-Shell Microcapsules.

Joshua M Grolman1, Bora Inci2, Jeffrey S Moore3

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Acid-sensitive polymer microcapsules were created using flow-focusing microfluidics. These poly(o-(α-methyl)vinylbenzaldehyde) microcapsules release payloads in response to acid, controlled by proton concentration and shell thickness.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Cationic cyclopolymerization of o-vinylbenzaldehydes yields acid-sensitive polymers.
  • Poly(o-(α-alkyl)vinylbenzaldehyde) exhibits controlled acid sensitivity.
  • Microfluidic techniques enable precise control over microcapsule fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare core-shell microcapsules (μCs) with shells made of poly(o-(α-methyl)vinylbenzaldehyde) (PMVB).
  • To investigate the acid-triggered payload release mechanism of these PMVB microcapsules.
  • To explore the influence of proton concentration and shell thickness on release kinetics.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of PMVB via cationic cyclopolymerization.
  • Fabrication of core-shell μCs using flow-focusing microfluidics.
  • Characterization of μC morphology and release behavior using SEM and payload tracking (fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran).

Main Results:

  • PMVB microcapsules demonstrate acid-sensitive payload release in dilute aqueous acid.
  • Release profiles are tunable by adjusting proton concentration and shell-wall thickness.
  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a reversible release mechanism involving shell wall porosity changes and microcrack formation.

Conclusions:

  • Core-shell microcapsules with acid-responsive poly(o-(α-methyl)vinylbenzaldehyde) shells were successfully prepared.
  • The system offers tunable, reversible payload release triggered by pH changes.
  • This technology has potential applications in controlled delivery systems sensitive to acidic environments.