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Alcohol Addiction: One Entity or Different Entities? A DSM-4-Based Attempt Toward a Geographicization of Alcohol
Allaman Allamani1, Fabio Voller1, Stefano Bravi1
1Agenzia Regionale di Sanita' Toscana, Firenze 50141, Italy.
Aim:
To examine whether in Europe perceptions of 'alcoholism' differ in a discrete manner according to geographical area.
Method:
Secondary analysis of a data set from a European project carried out in 2013-2014 among 1767 patients treated in alcohol addiction units of nine countries/regions across Europe. The experience of all 11 DSM-4 criteria used for diagnosing 'alcohol dependence' and 'alcohol abuse' were assessed in patient interviews. The analysis was performed through Multiple Correspondence Analysis.
Results:
The symptoms of 'alcohol dependence' and 'alcohol abuse', posited by DSM-IV, were distributed according to three discrete geographical patterns: a macro-area mainly centered on drinking beer and spirit, a culture traditionally oriented toward wine and a mixed intermediate alcoholic beverage situation.
Conclusion:
These patterns of perception seem to parallel the diverse drinking cultures of Europe.
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