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Association Between Fatal Occupational Injuries and State Minimum-Wage Laws, 2003-2017.

Molly Merrill-Francis¹, Jon S Vernick², Emma E McGinty²

¹Public Health Assessment Division, Health Promotion and Wellness Directorate, U.S. Army Public Health Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Maryland; Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

|May 21, 2022

Summary

Raising the state minimum wage did not significantly increase the risk of fatal occupational injuries. This suggests that minimum wage laws may not negatively impact workplace safety regarding fatalities.

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Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Labor Economics
Public Policy

Background:

Low wages are linked to higher occupational injury risks.
Previous studies indicated a rise in nonfatal injuries with increased state minimum wages.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between state minimum-wage laws and fatal occupational injuries.
To determine if minimum wage increases impact workplace fatality rates.

Main Methods:

Utilized fatal occupational injury data (2003-2017) from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries.
Analyzed state minimum-wage laws using linear and Poisson regression models.
Calculated fatal occupational injury rates per 100,000 workers.

Main Results:

No statistically significant association was found between state minimum wage levels and fatal occupational injury rates.
Higher state minimum wages (above federal) did not correlate with increased fatal injury rates.

Conclusions:

Contrary to some findings on nonfatal injuries, state minimum-wage laws are not associated with increased fatal occupational injuries.
Concerns linking minimum wage increases to worsened workplace safety regarding fatalities appear unfounded.