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Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy in children
Insights
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) are effective treatments for pediatric renal stone disease. These minimally invasive procedures offer high stone clearance rates with minimal complications in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Urology
- Nephrology
- Surgical Innovation
Background:
- Renal stone disease in children is less common than in adults.
- Treatment options for pediatric kidney stones, such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), are not extensively documented.
- Limited data exists on the efficacy and safety of these procedures in pediatric populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of ESWL and PCNL in treating renal calculi in children.
- To assess the safety and effectiveness of these minimally invasive techniques for pediatric kidney stone management.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of pediatric patients undergoing ESWL or PCNL for renal stones.
- Included are details on patient demographics, stone characteristics, treatment procedures, and follow-up.
- A case of staghorn calculus treated with combined ESWL and PCNL is also presented.
Main Results:
- Sixteen children underwent ESWL (ages 6-15) and ten underwent PCNL (ages 5-16).
- Complete stone clearance was achieved in 12 children within a 3-month follow-up period.
- Hospital stays ranged from 3-8 days for individual treatments and 11 days for combined therapy, with no significant complications reported.
Conclusions:
- ESWL and PCNL are safe and effective treatment modalities for pediatric renal stone disease.
- These procedures offer good stone-free rates and acceptable hospital stays for children.
- Further research can explore long-term outcomes and refine treatment protocols for pediatric kidney stones.
Abstract:
The possibilities for treating children with renal stone disease by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) have not been widely explored. We report ten children, aged between 5 and 16 years, treated by PCNL, and six children, aged between 6 and 15 years, treated by ESWL alone. A 16-year-old spina bifida child with a staghorn calculus was treated electively by a combination of the two methods. Hospital stay was 3 to 8 days for treatment by PCNL or ESWL, and was only 11 days for the combination treatment. Complete stone clearance was achieved in 12 children followed for 3 months. No significant complications occurred. ESWL and PCNL are suitable methods for the management of renal calculi in children.