[Increasing methylphenidate abuse: Tracking and profiles during 13-years].

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Public Health
• Epidemiology

Context:

• Methylphenidate is a primary treatment for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
• While studies have examined methylphenidate abuse in specific populations, less is known about its prevalence in the general population.
• This study investigates methylphenidate abuse patterns within a large regional population.

Purpose:

• To quantify the extent of methylphenidate abuse in a region exceeding 5 million inhabitants.
• To identify distinct methylphenidate use profiles using a clustering method based on prescription and dispensing data.
• To characterize "deviant" methylphenidate use patterns and trends over a 13-year period.

Summary:

• Analysis of regional health insurance data (2005-2017) revealed a 5.8-fold increase in patients receiving methylphenidate and a 10-fold increase in adult users.
• Five distinct use groups were identified, with three exhibiting "deviant" behaviors characterized by older age and concurrent use of benzodiazepines and opiate substitution drugs.
• The number of individuals with "deviant" methylphenidate use increased significantly, peaking since 2015.

Impact:

• Findings highlight a growing concern regarding methylphenidate abuse, necessitating increased awareness among healthcare providers and patients.
• The expanding indications for ADHD treatment in adults and broader prescription criteria underscore the need for enhanced monitoring and vigilance.
• This research provides critical data for public health strategies aimed at mitigating prescription stimulant misuse.