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Osteoarticular Infections in Pediatric Hospitals in Europe: A Prospective Cohort Study From the EUCLIDS Consortium

Andreas Trobisch1,2,3, Nina A Schweintzger1, Daniela S Kohlfürst1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of General Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|May 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric osteoarticular infections (POAIs) cause significant illness in European children, with Staphylococcus aureus as the primary pathogen. New diagnostic guidelines and a Staphylococcus aureus vaccine are urgently needed.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Musculoskeletal infections

Background:

  • Pediatric osteoarticular infections (POAIs) are severe conditions demanding prompt diagnosis and management.
  • Early intervention is critical for favorable outcomes in pediatric bone and joint infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze demographic, clinical, and microbiological data of children diagnosed with POAIs.
  • To understand the morbidity associated with POAIs in a European pediatric cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective multicenter cohort study utilizing the EUCLIDS database.
  • Inclusion of 380 pediatric patients with osteomyelitis (OM), septic arthritis (SA), or both.
  • Analysis of causative organisms, patient outcomes, and disability scores.

Main Results:

  • Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen (57.1%), followed by Group A Streptococcus and Kingella kingae.
  • A causative organism was identified in 65% of cases; 35% of patients required intensive care.
  • Significant morbidity was observed, including intensive care admissions and long-term disabilities.

Conclusions:

  • POAIs contribute to considerable morbidity in European children, with S. aureus as the leading pathogen.
  • A significant proportion of POAIs remain microbiologically uncharacterized, highlighting diagnostic challenges.
  • There is a critical need for a Staphylococcus aureus vaccine and updated diagnostic guidelines for POAIs in European pediatric settings.
Abstract

Keywords:
EUCLIDSEuropeS. aureuspediatric osteomyelitispediatric septic arthritis

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