Flexor Tenosynovitis Caused by Mycobacterium heraklionense

Mycobacterium heraklionense is a rare etiology of serious hand infection with only 2 cases having been reported in literature to date to our knowledge. We describe the case of a 58-year-old woman with persistent swelling and stiffness in her right index finger. Advanced imaging studies in addition to serial surgical debridement with tissue cultures helped to confirm the diagnosis of flexor tenosynovitis caused by M. heraklionense. In this case report, we highlight the clinical evaluation, operative treatment, and antimicrobial therapy leading to the successful care of this disease presentation. Due to its rarity and potential to cause substantial hand infection, M. heraklionense should be included in the differential diagnosis as the cause for chronic flexor tenosynovitis to appropriately minimize morbidity.