Restoration for the foregut surgery: bridging gaps between foregut surgery practice and academia

Foregut surgery largely involves benign diseases, and not only malignant diseases. However, for foregut surgeons in Asia, this fact has not been extensively utilized in their clinical practice due to the high burden of gastric cancer surgery. Although the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in Eastern Asia, including Korea, is increasing, antireflux surgery (ARS) is still a fairly rare procedure in Korea. ARS is effective as proton pump inhibitors and is cost-effective compared to continuous double-dose proton pump inhibitors in patients with severe GERD. Therefore, we should focus on ARS as a treatment option for GERD also in Asian population. Similarly, although bariatric/metabolic surgery is effective in weight reduction and diabetes mellitus (DM) remission in patients with morbid obesity or DM, bariatric/metabolic surgery is only performed in a limited number of patients. Given that the prevalence of obesity and DM is continuously increasing in Korea, bariatric/metabolic surgery should become an interest among Korean foregut surgeons and should be considered a treatment for obesity and DM. Furthermore, there are new surgical fields that can control both benign and malignant diseases. Oncometabolic surgery is a field under foregut surgery that treats both malignant and benign components of a condition, an example being the control of metabolic syndrome while performing gastric cancer surgery. Therefore, in future gastric cancer treatment, oncometabolic surgery can be applied to patients with gastric cancer accompanied by obesity or metabolic syndrome.