Crescentic Glomerulonephritis Associated with Polycythaemia Vera: A Rare Occurrence

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Rohan Dwivedi1, K B Shashikiran1, Sonu Manuel1

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Indian Journal of Nephrology
|May 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This case study details a rare instance of crescentic glomerulonephritis (CrGN) in a patient with polycythaemia vera (PV). It highlights an unusual immunologically-mediated renal complication of PV.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Hematology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Glomerular diseases pose diagnostic and management challenges, particularly when linked to systemic conditions like malignancies.
  • Polycythaemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by excessive red blood cell production.

Observation:

  • A 50-year-old female presented with edema, splenomegaly, renal dysfunction, and severe proteinuria.
  • Diagnostic workup revealed coexisting polycythaemia vera (PV) and crescentic glomerulonephritis (CrGN).

Findings:

  • Renal involvement in PV is uncommon and typically attributed to hyperviscosity or hypervolemia.
  • This case presents a unique instance of PV-associated CrGN, suggesting an immunologically-mediated mechanism rather than hemodynamic effects.

Implications:

  • This case expands the understanding of potential renal manifestations in polycythaemia vera.
  • It underscores the importance of investigating immunologic pathways in PV-related kidney disease.
  • Further research may elucidate the specific mechanisms driving this rare association.

Keywords:
Crescentic glomerulonephritisNephrotic syndromepolycythaemia vera Acute kidney injury

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