Renal arteriovenous fistula associated with a huge renal vein dilatation

We report a case of an aneurysmal type of renal arteriovenous fistula with a huge spherically dilated renal vein. Although the findings on routine computerized tomography made us strongly suspect renal cell carcinoma associated with a hilar lymph node metastasis, we were able to diagnose the arteriovenous fistula by means of a dynamic computerized tomography scan. On the basis of the roentgenographic findings, partial nephrectomy was performed successfully.