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Electron Affinity03:07

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
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A Zero-Strain Insertion Cathode Material for Room-Temperature Fluoride-Ion Batteries.

Shuoxiao Zhang1, Tongde Wang2, Jian Zhang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|May 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A novel fluoride-ion battery (FIB) cathode material, CoFe layered double hydroxide (LDH), demonstrates excellent room-temperature performance. This breakthrough offers a promising avenue for developing efficient and cost-effective energy storage solutions.

Keywords:
first-principles calculationsfluoride-ion batterieslayered double hydroxidesroom-temperaturezero-strain

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Fluoride-ion batteries (FIBs) offer high volumetric energy density and low cost but suffer from high operating temperatures and poor cathode cycling stability.
  • Existing FIB cathode materials often require elevated temperatures (>150 °C), limiting practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel cathode material for fluoride-ion batteries that operates effectively at room temperature.
  • To investigate the electrochemical performance and structural properties of fluoride ion-intercalated CoFe layered double hydroxide (CoFe-F LDH) as an FIB cathode.

Main Methods:

  • CoFe-F LDH synthesized via co-precipitation and ion-exchange.
  • Electrochemical cycling performance evaluated at room temperature.
  • Structural analysis focusing on volume change and ion diffusion pathways.
  • First-principles calculations to determine fluoride ion diffusion barriers.

Main Results:

  • CoFe-F LDH exhibits a reversible capacity of ~50 mAh g⁻¹ after 100 cycles at room temperature.
  • The material demonstrates a minimal volume change (~0.82%) during cycling, classifying it as a zero-strain cathode.
  • Facilitated fluoride ion de/intercalation due to 2D diffusion pathways and weak host interactions.

Conclusions:

  • CoFe-F LDH is a promising cathode material for room-temperature fluoride-ion batteries.
  • The zero-strain characteristic and favorable ion diffusion contribute to superior cycling performance.
  • This research expands the utility of LDH materials and provides a new design strategy for FIB cathodes.