Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect01:26

Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect

7
The similarity-dissimilarity effect, a fundamental concept in social psychology, explains how interpersonal similarities and differences influence attraction and social interactions. This effect is supported by three key psychological perspectives: balance theory, social comparison theory, and consensual validation.Balance Theory and Cognitive ConsistencyBalance theory, developed by Fritz Heider, posits that individuals seek cognitive consistency in their relationships. When two people share...
7
Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

18.5K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
18.5K
Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior01:28

Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior

4
Automatic processing refers to the cognitive operations that occur without conscious intent or awareness, playing a fundamental role in shaping social cognition and behavior. These processes enable individuals to navigate complex social environments efficiently by relying on mental shortcuts and pre-existing knowledge structures known as schemas. One of the most influential mechanisms underlying automatic processing is priming, which subtly activates mental representations through exposure to...
4
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

91.8K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
91.8K
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

40.6K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
40.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Acute effects of ultra-short aerobic and resistance, yoga-based mobility, and mindfulness meditation sessions on mental health: a randomized online study.

Frontiers in sports and active living·2026
Same author

Functional reserve mitigates cognitive-motor dual-task costs in older adults: insights from age, cohort, and behavioural strategies.

European review of aging and physical activity : official journal of the European Group for Research into Elderly and Physical Activity·2026
Same author

Contrasting cognitive control in the Simon and spatial Stroop tasks regarding their interference with the control of standing balance.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Physical activity's impact on cardiac activity and autonomic regulation in university students: A baseline study.

International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·2026
Same author

Exploring individual biases in BCI research and users: Does gender matter?

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2026
Same author

Operant evaluative conditioning is sensitive to US-revaluation.

Cognition & emotion·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
10:27

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

23.0K

Self-related primes reduce congruency effects in the Stroop task.

David Dignath1, Andreas B Eder1, Cornelia Herbert2

  • 1Department of Psychology.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. General
|May 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Self-relevant information, like "my" words, can enhance cognitive control, not just capture attention. This study shows self-priming reduces interference in tasks, suggesting the self aids attention regulation.

More Related Videos

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

14.9K
The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content
07:21

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content

Published on: June 29, 2016

39.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
10:27

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

23.0K
Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

14.9K
The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content
07:21

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content

Published on: June 29, 2016

39.4K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Self-representation theories posit that self-relevant information automatically captures attention.
  • However, the self's role may extend beyond attentional capture to influencing broader cognitive control processes.
  • Existing research suggests a strong link between self-representation and cognitive control mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential signaling function of the self in recruiting cognitive control.
  • To test whether self-relevant stimuli can modulate attentional control, specifically within the Stroop task paradigm.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments utilized the Stroop task, where participants identified the print color of words.
  • Self-reference was manipulated using possessive pronouns (e.g., 'my') as primes versus control articles (e.g., 'the').
  • The congruency effect (interference from word meaning) was measured under self-referential and control priming conditions.

Main Results:

  • Self-reference priming significantly reduced the Stroop congruency effect compared to control conditions.
  • This finding contradicts models solely focused on attentional bias towards self-relevant distractors.
  • Results indicate that self-relevant stimuli can facilitate, rather than hinder, cognitive control.

Conclusions:

  • Stimuli relevant to the self appear to enhance cognitive control processes, aiding attention regulation.
  • The self may act as a signal to recruit and optimize cognitive control resources.
  • This challenges purely attentional bias accounts and highlights a facilitative role for self-relevance in cognition.