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Healthcare providers involved in critical patient events, known as second victims, often experience distress. Discussing these events with trusted colleagues provides therapeutic support, aiding their coping mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Ethics
  • Patient Safety
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • A critical event in healthcare involves unforeseen patient outcomes or deterioration.
  • Patients, families, and involved healthcare providers are considered victims of such events.
  • Healthcare providers involved in critical events are termed 'second victims'.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the emotional impact of critical events on healthcare providers.
  • To identify the support needs of second victims.
  • To review existing support strategies for healthcare providers after critical events.

Main Methods:

  • An integrative review of studies addressing second victims.
  • Analysis of healthcare providers' emotional responses and support needs.
  • Examination of organizational support programs and informal peer support.

Main Results:

  • Second victims experience negative emotions like guilt, fear, and depression.
  • Access to a trusted colleague for discussion is a key therapeutic element.
  • Formal support programs exist in some organizations, but informal peer support is also desired.

Conclusions:

  • Healthcare providers experiencing critical events require support to manage emotional distress.
  • Peer support and open discussion are vital for second victim recovery.
  • Healthcare organizations should consider implementing or enhancing support systems for second victims.