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Dimensionally controlled graphene-based surfaces for photothermal membrane crystallization.

Sergio Santoro¹, Marco Aquino¹, Dong Han Seo²

¹Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci CUBO 44/A, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

|May 23, 2022

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Three-dimensional graphene membranes significantly enhance salt crystallization from hypersaline solutions by improving solar-driven water evaporation. This sustainable technology recovers valuable minerals from aqueous waste.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Environmental Engineering

Background:

Membrane-based photothermal crystallization is a novel technology for mineral recovery from saline solutions.
It utilizes nanostructured interfaces to enhance water evaporation and salt crystallization.
Graphene-based materials offer promising photothermal properties for such applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the efficacy of two-dimensional graphene thin films (2D-G) and three-dimensional vertically oriented graphene sheet arrays (3D-G) as photothermal membranes for salt crystallization.
To elucidate the impact of graphene sheet orientation on membrane properties and crystallization performance.
To assess the potential for sustainable valorization of aqueous wastes using solar energy.

Main Methods:

Keywords:

Circular economy Graphene-based photothermal membranes Heterogeneous nucleation Photothermal Membrane Crystallization Resources recovery Water-energy-raw materials nexus

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Fabrication and characterization of 2D-G and 3D-G photothermal membranes.
Systematic study of interfacial, light absorption, and photothermal properties.
Measurement of water evaporation rates and analysis of salt crystal size distribution for NaCl, KCl, and MgSO4 solutions.

Main Results:

3D-G membranes exhibited superior light-to-heat conversion compared to 2D-G.
The evaporation rate was approximately 3-fold higher with 3D-G compared to 2D-G.
Vertical alignment of graphene sheets significantly influenced membrane performance and salt crystallization.

Conclusions:

3D-G membranes are highly effective for photothermal salt crystallization due to enhanced evaporation.
Graphene-based photothermal interfaces offer a sustainable route for aqueous waste valorization and mineral recovery.
This technology leverages solar energy for efficient salt recovery from hypersaline solutions.