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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Characterization of Surface Modifications by White Light Interferometry: Applications in Ion Sputtering, Laser Ablation, and Tribology Experiments
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Ultrathin picoscale white light interferometer.

Sunil Dahiya1, Akansha Tyagi1, Ankur Mandal1

  • 1Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, Mohali, 140306, India.

Scientific Reports
|May 23, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an ultrathin white light interferometer for picometer-resolution measurements. This novel device simplifies alignment and offers stable, high-contrast fringes for precise optical metrology.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Precision Metrology
  • Interferometry

Background:

  • Conventional interferometers (Michelson, Mach-Zehnder, Linnik) are bulky, require complex alignment, and suffer from dispersion issues.
  • Achieving sub-nanometric stability in traditional setups necessitates advanced noise-isolation techniques.
  • Existing methods often lack an unambiguous absolute zero delay reference due to unbalanced dispersion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel ultrathin white light interferometer.
  • To achieve picometer resolution in optical measurements.
  • To overcome limitations of conventional interferometer designs.

Main Methods:

  • Exploiting wavefront division of broadband incoherent light through a pair of micrometer-thin identical glass plates.
  • Generating high-contrast, stable white light fringes via spatial overlap of diffracted wavefronts.
  • Tuning the interferometer with picometric resolution by rotating one ultrathin plate.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated an ultrathin white light interferometer with picometer resolution.
  • Achieved unambiguous absolute zero path-delay reference.
  • Successfully measured coherence length of broadband sources with picoscale resolution.
  • Validated theoretical analysis for fringe formation and self-calibration.

Conclusions:

  • The ultrathin interferometer offers a compact, stable, and self-calibrating solution for picoscale measurements.
  • The device enables precise measurement of coherence lengths.
  • A double-pass configuration is proposed for probing dynamical properties of matter.