Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Redox Reactions01:24

Redox Reactions

56.6K
Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
56.6K
Peroxisomes01:24

Peroxisomes

14.5K
Peroxisomes are specialized organelles present in fungi, plant, and animal cells. It can vary in number, size, morphology, and activity depending on the type of tissue and the nutritional state of the cell. For example, cells with active lipid metabolism, such as adipocytes, neurons, and hepatocytes, have more peroxisomes than other cells in the body. Besides their primary role in breaking down complex organic molecules, peroxisomes can also synthesize specific macromolecules and participate in...
14.5K
Protein Import into the Peroxisomes01:27

Protein Import into the Peroxisomes

3.7K
Cells contain membrane-bound organelles called peroxisomes that oxidize organic molecules by transferring hydrogen atoms to oxygen, producing hydrogen peroxide. Peroxisomes enzymatically convert the released hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.
Peroxisomal Protein Import:
Peroxisomes lack the genetic machinery required to code for their own proteins. Hence, most peroxisomal membrane, lumenal and transmembrane proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm or ER and transported to the peroxisome...
3.7K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

2.3K
Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists...
2.3K
Positive Regulator Molecules01:45

Positive Regulator Molecules

106.7K
To consistently produce healthy cells, the cell cycle—the process that generates daughter cells—must be precisely regulated.
106.7K
Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

3.5K
In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
3.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Serum concentrations of antioxidant vitamins and carotenoids are low in individuals with a history of attempted suicide.

Nutritional neuroscience·2007
Same author

Arsenic trioxide induces different gene expression profiles of genes related to growth and apoptosis in glioma cells dependent on the p53 status.

Molecular biology reports·2007
Same author

Role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in cardioprotection of morphine preconditioning.

Chinese medical journal·2007
Same author

Rapamycin inhibits osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells and primary mouse bone marrow stromal cells.

Journal of cellular biochemistry·2007
Same author

[Studies on chemical constituents of Salsola collina].

Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica·2007
Same author

Functional characterization of the Arabidopsis eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-2 that plays a crucial role in plant growth and development by regulating cell division, cell growth, and cell death.

Plant physiology·2007

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Detection of Nitric Oxide and Superoxide Radical Anion by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy from Cells using Spin Traps
13:21

Detection of Nitric Oxide and Superoxide Radical Anion by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy from Cells using Spin Traps

Published on: August 18, 2012

19.1K

Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) Redox Signaling Molecule-Responsive Polymersomes.

Jian Zhang1, Jun Hu2, Wei Sang1,2

  • 1Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

ACS Macro Letters
|May 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary

New polymer nanocapsules selectively respond to peroxynitrite (ONOO-) biosignals. This controlled response triggers disassembly for targeted drug delivery, overcoming challenges in responsive biomaterials.

More Related Videos

Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive Nanogels using Aqueous One-step Crosslinking and Co-nanopolymerization
06:26

Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive Nanogels using Aqueous One-step Crosslinking and Co-nanopolymerization

Published on: January 24, 2025

1.2K
Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells
08:32

Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells

Published on: March 16, 2017

13.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Detection of Nitric Oxide and Superoxide Radical Anion by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy from Cells using Spin Traps
13:21

Detection of Nitric Oxide and Superoxide Radical Anion by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy from Cells using Spin Traps

Published on: August 18, 2012

19.1K
Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive Nanogels using Aqueous One-step Crosslinking and Co-nanopolymerization
06:26

Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive Nanogels using Aqueous One-step Crosslinking and Co-nanopolymerization

Published on: January 24, 2025

1.2K
Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells
08:32

Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells

Published on: March 16, 2017

13.0K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Designing targeted drug delivery systems remains challenging.
  • Developing specific-responsive nanocapsules for cell signaling molecules is difficult.
  • Existing systems struggle to differentiate between various reactive species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create polymer nanocapsules that specifically respond to peroxynitrite (ONOO-).
  • To develop a system for controlled drug release based on ONOO- levels.
  • To engineer a novel block copolymer for targeted therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized block copolymers with trifluoromethyl ketone side groups.
  • Investigated chemoselective response to peroxynitrite (ONOO-).
  • Analyzed polymer amphiphilicity changes and vesicle disassembly upon ONOO- exposure.

Main Results:

  • The novel block copolymer selectively responded to peroxynitrite (ONOO-).
  • Cascade oxidation-elimination reactions cleaved side functionalities, altering polymer amphiphilicity.
  • Controllable disassembly of self-assembled nanovesicles was achieved by modulating ONOO- concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • This polymer model offers a new strategy for constructing bioresponsive macromolecular systems.
  • The developed nanocapsules demonstrate potential for targeted therapy and controlled drug delivery.
  • The system effectively shields against interference from other reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species (ROS/RNS/RSS).