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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Three-dimensional Printing of Thermoplastic Materials to Create Automated Syringe Pumps with Feedback Control for Microfluidic Applications
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Ender3 3D printer kit transformed into open, programmable syringe pump set.

Sander Baas1, Vittorio Saggiomo1

  • 1Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Hardwarex
|May 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details transforming a Creality Ender 3 3D printer into an affordable, open-source programmable syringe pump system. The low-cost, user-friendly setup requires minimal additional parts and no prior programming knowledge.

Keywords:
Flow chemistryMicrofluidicsSyringe pumps

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Area of Science:

  • Engineering
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Open Source Hardware

Background:

  • Programmable syringe pumps are essential tools in various scientific applications, including drug delivery and chemical synthesis.
  • Commercially available syringe pumps can be expensive, limiting their accessibility for research and educational purposes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a low-cost, open-source programmable syringe pump system using a readily available 3D printer.
  • To demonstrate that the system can achieve precise and stable fluid delivery comparable to commercial alternatives.

Main Methods:

  • A Creality Ender 3 3D printer was modified by adding minimal external components.
  • The 3D printer's existing firmware and motherboard were utilized for pump control.
  • Programming was achieved using simple G-code text files, requiring no specialized programming knowledge.

Main Results:

  • The modified Ender 3 successfully functioned as a programmable syringe pump system.
  • A three-pump setup was constructed for approximately €170.
  • Stable flow rates as low as 5 µL/min were achieved using standard 10 mL syringes.
  • Flow rates in the mL/min range were also demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • The repurposed 3D printer offers a cost-effective and accessible alternative to commercial syringe pumps.
  • This open-source approach democratizes access to essential laboratory equipment.
  • The system is suitable for a wide range of applications requiring precise fluid handling.