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Differences in Weight Gain Following Residential Relocation in the Moving to Health (M2H) Study.

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Moving to a neighborhood with higher density may reduce adult weight gain. Residential moves impact body weight, with changes in neighborhood density correlating with weight changes over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Obesity Research
  • Urban Planning

Background:

  • Neighborhood environments significantly influence long-term weight trajectories and obesity risk.
  • Residential mobility offers an efficient method to study the built environment's health impacts.
  • Understanding how neighborhood changes affect body weight is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between residential moves and subsequent changes in body weight.
  • To determine if changes in neighborhood characteristics correlate with weight gain or loss.
  • To explore the role of neighborhood density and food environment on weight changes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Kaiser Permanente Washington electronic health records for 21,502 adults (aged 18-64) who moved within King County, WA (2005-2017).
  • Linked participant body weight data with environmental measures including population, residential, and street intersection densities, and access to supermarkets/fast food outlets.
  • Employed linear mixed models to assess the relationship between post-move environmental changes and body weight alterations.

Main Results:

  • Moving from high-density to lower-density neighborhoods was linked to increased post-move weight gain (e.g., 4.5 lbs over 3 years for high-to-low residential density moves).
  • Conversely, moving from low-density to high-density neighborhoods was associated with less weight gain (1.3 lbs).
  • Individuals moving between neighborhoods with consistent fast-food access gained more weight (2.8 lbs) than those moving between areas without fast-food access (1.6 lbs).

Conclusions:

  • Relocating to higher-density neighborhoods may be associated with reduced adult weight gain.
  • Neighborhood built environment characteristics, such as density and food access, play a role in weight management.
  • Further research into environmental interventions could inform strategies to combat obesity.