Models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using bioengineering approaches

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Bioengineering
• Translational Medicine

Background:

• Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive cancer known for early metastasis and rapid progression.
• Developing effective anticancer drugs and diagnostics requires accurate experimental models.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current and emerging bioengineering-based HNSCC tumor models.
• To explore future directions for improved HNSCC experimental modeling.

Main Methods:

• Conventional methods include 2D cell cultures and in vivo animal models.
• Bioengineering techniques encompass genetic engineering, exposure models (ethanol/tobacco), spheroids, hydrogel and scaffold cultures, microfluidics, and co-culture systems (bone-tumor niche, cancer-normal cells, cancer-bacteria).

Main Results:

• A variety of bioengineering approaches exist for modeling HNSCC.
• These models offer enhanced relevance compared to conventional methods.

Conclusions:

• An integrated system of HNSCC models holds potential for advancing diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
• Bioengineering innovations are crucial for future HNSCC research and therapeutic development.