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Mycovirus Diversity and Evolution Revealed/Inferred from Recent Studies.
Hideki Kondo1, Leticia Botella2, Nobuhiro Suzuki1
1Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan;
Annual Review of Phytopathology
|May 24, 2022
Summary
High-throughput sequencing reveals diverse fungal viruses with novel genome structures and lifestyles, including unique RNA viruses and capsidless forms. These discoveries fill phylogenetic gaps and suggest ongoing horizontal gene transfer between kingdoms.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Mycology
- Genomics
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- High-throughput sequencing has enabled extensive exploration of fungal viromes.
- Previous research identified diverse fungal viruses with unique genomic features.
- Understanding fungal virus diversity is crucial for evolutionary insights.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize novel fungal viruses discovered through high-throughput analysis.
- To investigate unique viral genome structures and lifestyles in fungi.
- To explore evolutionary relationships and potential horizontal gene transfer among viruses.
Main Methods:
- High-throughput sequencing of fungal viromes from cultured and uncultured sources.
- Genomic analysis to determine RNA structures, open reading frames (ORFs), and segment counts.
- Phylogenetic analysis to infer evolutionary relationships and identify cross-kingdom infections.
Main Results:
- Discovery of diverse fungal viruses, including splipalmiviruses and ambiviruses, with unique RNA genome structures.
- Identification of novel viral lifestyles, such as the 'yado-kari/yado-nushi' partnership and capsidless viruses.
- Demonstration of infectious dsRNA polymycoviruses and evidence supporting horizontal virus transfer between kingdoms.
Conclusions:
- Fungal virome analyses reveal significant viral diversity, novel genome organizations, and unique lifestyles.
- Recent discoveries are filling phylogenetic gaps and providing insights into viral evolution.
- Evidence suggests that horizontal virus transfer is an ongoing process across different biological kingdoms.
Keywords:
endophytehorizontal virus transferhypervirulencehypovirulenceneo-lifestyleneo-virologysplipalmivirusvirus evolutionvirus taxonomyvivivirusMore Related Videos
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