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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

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EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
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Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

1.8K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
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Zinc-Sponge Battery Electrodes that Suppress Dendrites
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Eutectic Electrolyte with Unique Solvation Structure for High-Performance Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Lishan Geng1, Jiashen Meng1, Xuanpeng Wang2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A new eutectic electrolyte using ethylene glycol and ZnCl2 enables dendrite-free, long-lasting zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). This breakthrough offers a stable and safe energy storage solution for practical applications.

Keywords:
Deep Eutectic SolventsDendrite-Free Zn AnodesEutectic ElectrolytesSolvation StructureZinc-Ion Batteries

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) offer low cost and high safety but suffer from poor stability and dendrite growth.
  • Limited electrochemical windows hinder the practical application of current ZIB technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel eutectic electrolyte for dendrite-free and long-lifespan ZIBs.
  • To investigate the mechanism of electrolyte-anode interaction for enhanced battery performance.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of a eutectic electrolyte using ethylene glycol (EG) and ZnCl2.
  • Characterization of Zn2+ solvation and intermolecular interactions within the electrolyte.
  • Analysis of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation on the Zn anode.
  • Electrochemical testing of Zn anode plating/stripping and full cell performance (polyaniline||Zn).

Main Results:

  • The optimized ZnCl2/EG electrolyte (1:4 molar ratio) promotes the formation of specific complex cations ([ZnCl(EG)]+ and [ZnCl(EG)2]+).
  • A robust Cl-rich hybrid SEI film formed on the Zn anode, enabling highly reversible Zn plating/stripping with over 3200 hours of stability.
  • The polyaniline||Zn cell demonstrated excellent cycling performance, retaining ~78% capacity after 10,000 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The developed eutectic electrolyte effectively suppresses dendrite growth and enhances the stability of ZIBs.
  • The unique SEI layer formed by the electrolyte is key to achieving long-term cycling performance and high reversibility.
  • This research paves the way for practical, high-safety ZIBs using cost-effective eutectic electrolytes.