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The progress in quantitative evaluation of callus during distraction osteogenesis
Qi Liu1,2, Ze Liu1,2, Hongbin Guo1,2
1Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China.
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
|May 24, 2022
Summary
Evaluating bone healing during distraction osteogenesis (DO) is crucial. This review explores advanced quantitative methods beyond traditional X-rays to better assess bone regeneration and biomechanical properties for improved patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics and Regenerative Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
- Radiology
Background:
- Manual monitoring of bone callus formation using digital radiography (X-ray) is standard but subjective and lacks quantitative data.
- Limitations of current methods hinder precise assessment of bone healing stages and biomechanical recovery during distraction osteogenesis (DO).
- Need for advanced techniques to accurately evaluate bone mineral content, density, and metabolic activity at the bone lengthening site.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review and summarize the latest quantitative techniques for evaluating bone healing during distraction osteogenesis (DO).
- To highlight methods that offer objective and detailed insights into bone regeneration processes.
- To provide evidence for future advancements in assessing bone healing during DO.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on bone healing evaluation techniques in distraction osteogenesis.
- Inclusion of methods such as digital radiography, dual-energy X-ray scanning, ultrasound, quantitative computed tomography, biomechanical evaluation, and biochemical markers.
- Synthesis of findings from various quantitative monitoring approaches.
Main Results:
- Traditional digital radiography is subjective and nonquantitative for assessing bone callus formation.
- Emerging quantitative methods can assess callus structure, biomechanical properties, bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and metabolism.
- A range of advanced techniques offer more precise evaluation of bone healing compared to conventional radiography.
Conclusions:
- Quantitative monitoring methods provide significant advantages over traditional radiography for evaluating bone healing during DO.
- These advanced techniques offer novel insights into bone regeneration, enabling better assessment of structural integrity and biomechanical function.
- The reviewed evidence supports the future adoption of these methods for more accurate and reliable bone healing evaluation in DO.
