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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK

Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK

Published on: December 18, 2012

Infectious keratitis: A review.

Maria Cabrera-Aguas^1,2, Pauline Khoo^1,2, Stephanie L Watson^1,2

¹Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology

|May 25, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Infectious keratitis, a major cause of blindness, is often linked to contact lens wear or eye injury. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy are crucial to prevent vision loss and eye damage.

Keywords:

acanthamoeba keratitis bacterial keratitis fungal keratitis infectious keratitis viral keratitis

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Microbiology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Infectious keratitis is a significant global cause of blindness.
Key risk factors include contact lens wear, ocular trauma, and ocular surface disease.
Common causative agents include bacteria (Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), fungi (Fusarium, Candida), and Acanthamoeba.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the diagnosis and management of infectious keratitis.
To highlight common pathogens and effective treatment strategies.
To emphasize the importance of timely intervention to prevent severe visual outcomes.

Main Methods:

Corneal scraping culture as the primary diagnostic tool.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in vivo confocal microscopy as complementary diagnostic methods.
Clinical diagnosis for herpes simplex keratitis, with PCR for confirmation.

Main Results:

Empiric treatment involves fluoroquinolones or fortified antibiotics for bacterial keratitis.
Topical natamycin is used for fungal keratitis.
Polyhexamethylene biguanide or chlorhexidine are treatments for Acanthamoeba keratitis.
Antivirals and corticosteroids are used for herpes simplex keratitis based on corneal involvement.

Conclusions:

Prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective management of infectious keratitis.
Appropriate antimicrobial therapy is critical to prevent vision impairment, blindness, and potential eye loss.
Understanding predisposing factors and common organisms aids in timely and successful treatment.