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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

3.8K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

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The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
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Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Efficient Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells into Motor Neurons
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Efficient Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells into Motor Neurons

Published on: June 9, 2012

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Mouse embryonic stem cells require multiple amino acids.

Boyang Zhang1, Jian Feng1

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.

Experimental Biology and Medicine (Maywood, N.J.)
|May 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) do not have a unique threonine requirement. Their growth is impacted by various amino acid deficiencies under different culture conditions, similar to other cells.

Keywords:
GSK3 inhibitorLIFMEK inhibitorStem cellsamino acidcell metabolismserum

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An Alternative Culture Method to Maintain Genomic Hypomethylation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using MEK Inhibitor PD0325901 and Vitamin C
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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Cell culture
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) are crucial for developmental biology research.
  • Previous research indicated a specific threonine need for mESCs in serum/leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) culture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the amino acid requirements of mESCs.
  • To determine if mESCs have a unique requirement for threonine.
  • To assess amino acid dependency under different culture conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Replication of previous experimental conditions for mESC culture in serum/LIF.
  • Culturing mESCs in a naïve pluripotency state using MEK inhibitor, GSK3 inhibitor (2i), and LIF.
  • Systematic omission of individual amino acids to assess growth impact.

Main Results:

  • The absence of multiple amino acids significantly reduced mESC growth in serum/LIF.
  • mESC growth in 2i/LIF was affected by the lack of essential and some non-essential amino acids.
  • No unique requirement for threonine was observed in either culture condition.

Conclusions:

  • Mouse embryonic stem cells do not possess a unique requirement for threonine.
  • mESCs, like many other cell types, have broad amino acid dependencies rather than specific needs.
  • These findings clarify the nutritional requirements for maintaining mESC pluripotency.