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Plant immunity by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).

Giulia De Lorenzo1, Felice Cervone1

  • 1Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin," Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.

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|May 25, 2022
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Summary

Plants evolved damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to respond to mechanical wounds, functioning independently of pathogens. These DAMPs, including cell wall fragments, activate plant immunity and may enhance responses to microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs).

Keywords:
Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs)Danger signalsPlant cell wallPlant immunity

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Plants possess innate immunity activated by microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and pathogenicity effectors.
  • Mechanical wounds from pathogens necessitate plant defense mechanisms independent of pathogen recognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) biology, focusing on cell wall-derived DAMPs.
  • To explore the role of DAMPs in plant immunity and their interaction with MAMP-triggered immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific publications on DAMPs in plant immunity.
  • Focus on cell wall-derived DAMPs and their signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • DAMPs, including cell wall fragments, peptides, and nucleotides, activate local and systemic plant responses.
  • DAMPs can prime plant immunity, potentially enhancing subsequent responses to MAMPs.
  • DAMPs and MAMPs may act synergistically to strengthen plant immunity.

Conclusions:

  • DAMPs represent a crucial layer of plant defense, particularly against mechanical damage.
  • Understanding DAMPs biology is vital for comprehending plant immunity and its evolution.
  • Future research is expected to significantly expand knowledge on DAMPs in both plant and animal kingdoms.