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Related Concept Videos

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

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An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0,...
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Electromagnetic (EM) radiation can be considered an oscillating electric and magnetic field propagating through a medium that can interact with matter in its path. The electric field in the radiation can interact with electrical charges in the atoms or molecules in the matter. On the other hand, the magnetic field can interact with the magnetic field in the atomic nucleus. The study of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter is termed spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is the study...
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The alkali metal sodium (atomic number 11) has one more electron than the neon atom. This electron must go into the lowest-energy subshell available, the 3s orbital, giving a 1s22s22p63s1 configuration. The electrons occupying the outermost shell orbital(s) (highest value of n) are called valence electrons, and those occupying the inner shell orbitals are called core electrons. Since the core electron shells correspond to noble gas electron configurations, we can abbreviate electron...
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Following the work of Ernest Rutherford and his colleagues in the early twentieth century, the picture of atoms consisting of tiny dense nuclei surrounded by lighter and even tinier electrons continually moving about the nucleus was well established. This picture was called the planetary model since it pictured the atom as a miniature “solar system” with the electrons orbiting the nucleus like planets orbiting the sun. The simplest atom is hydrogen, consisting of a single proton as...
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Updated: Sep 22, 2025

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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Strongly correlated electron-photon systems.

Jacqueline Bloch1, Andrea Cavalleri2, Victor Galitski3

  • 1Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Universite Paris Saclay - CNRS, Palaiseau, France.

Nature
|May 25, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explore controlling light-matter interactions to engineer novel quantum states. This approach manipulates strongly correlated electron-photon systems, enabling new phenomena like photon-mediated superconductivity and optical topological states.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed-matter physics
  • Quantum materials science

Background:

  • Designing materials with emergent properties is a key goal.
  • Current methods include heterointerface control, low-dimensional material alignment, and high pressure.
  • Limited tools exist for precise material design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight a new paradigm for manipulating and synthesizing strongly correlated quantum matter.
  • To introduce the field of 'strongly correlated electron-photon science'.

Main Methods:

  • Controlling light-matter interactions.
  • Investigating systems with strong electron-electron and electron-photon interactions.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a pathway to manipulate and synthesize strongly correlated quantum matter.
  • Identified phenomena arising from strong electron-photon coupling.

Conclusions:

  • Light-matter interactions offer a powerful tool for quantum matter design.
  • Emerging frontiers include photon-mediated superconductivity, cavity fractional quantum Hall physics, and optically driven topological phenomena.