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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Polyethylene crystallization rates are inherently high.
  • Understanding these rates is crucial for polymer processing.
  • Previous methods limited the observation of rapid crystallization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To observe and quantify extremely fast crystallization in polyethylene and its copolymers.
  • To investigate the influence of 1-octene content on crystallization kinetics.
  • To explore the limits of supercooling before vitrification.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ultrafast scanning calorimetry for nonisothermal and isothermal experiments.
  • Employed cooling rates up to 1,000,000 K/s.
  • Achieved crystallization times as short as 10 microseconds.

Main Results:

  • Observed extremely fast crystallization for the first time.
  • Successfully supercooled high-density polyethylene to 57°C and an ethylene/1-octene copolymer to -33°C.
  • Determined characteristic primary crystallization times on the order of 100 microseconds.
  • Found that copolymers showed parallel shifts to lower temperatures in crystallization behavior compared to the homopolymer.

Conclusions:

  • Polyethylene and its copolymers exhibit exceptionally rapid crystallization kinetics.
  • Copolymerization with 1-octene shifts crystallization temperatures and characteristic times to lower values.
  • The observed fast crystallization may be linked to a significantly boosted homogeneous nuclei density, warranting further investigation.