Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

2.7K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
2.7K
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

2.7K
Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
2.7K
Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:17

Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

2.1K
The stereochemistry of electrocyclic reactions is strongly influenced by the orbital symmetry of the polyene HOMO. Under thermal conditions, the reaction proceeds via the ground-state HOMO.
Selection Rules: Thermal Activation
Conjugated systems containing an even number of π-electron pairs undergo a conrotatory ring closure. For example, thermal electrocyclization of (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadiene, a conjugated diene containing two π-electron pairs, gives trans-3,4-dimethylcyclobutene.
2.1K
Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration02:34

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration

8.7K
The rate of acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes depends on the alkene's structure, as the presence of alkyl substituents at the double bond can significantly influence the rate.
8.7K
Electrophilic Addition of HX to 1,3-Butadiene: Thermodynamic vs Kinetic Control01:23

Electrophilic Addition of HX to 1,3-Butadiene: Thermodynamic vs Kinetic Control

3.0K
The addition of a hydrogen halide to 1,3-butadiene gives a mixture of 1,2- and 1,4-adducts. Since more substituted alkenes are more stable, the 1,4-adduct is expected to be the major product. However, the product distribution is strongly influenced by temperature; low temperature favors the 1,2-adduct, whereas the 1,4-adduct is predominant at high temperature.
3.0K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

2.0K
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Anion Transport and Selectivity in Ordered Nanoporous Polymers with 1 nm Scale Charged Pores.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Correlating solvation shell dynamics and ion transport in highly ordered nanoporous polymers.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Environmental chambers for thin film characterization by grazing incidence x-ray scattering and broadband dielectric spectroscopy.

The Review of scientific instruments·2026
Same author

<i>In Situ</i> Microscopy of 2-Dimensional Carbon Nanotube Liquid Crystals at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2025
Same author

Structural complexity driven by liquid-liquid crystal phase separation of smectics.

Soft matter·2025
Same author

Reversible Physical Gelation of Thermotropic Liquid Crystals Driven by Nanoplate Self-Assembly.

ACS nano·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

7.9K

Isomeric Effect Enabled Thermally Driven Self-Assembly of Hydroxystyrene-Based Block Copolymers.

Catherine Kanimozhi, Myungwoong Kim1, Steven R Larson

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea.

ACS Macro Letters
|May 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Isomeric effects in poly(hydroxystyrene)-based block copolymers significantly alter thermal properties. This allows for controlled self-assembly and the creation of sub-10 nm alumina nanowires using poly(3-hydroxystyrene) block copolymers.

More Related Videos

Synthesis of Monodisperse Cylindrical Nanoparticles via Crystallization-driven Self-assembly of Biodegradable Block Copolymers
11:42

Synthesis of Monodisperse Cylindrical Nanoparticles via Crystallization-driven Self-assembly of Biodegradable Block Copolymers

Published on: June 20, 2019

7.9K
Using Polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid-coated Metal Nanoparticles as Monomers for Their Homo- and Co-polymerization
09:02

Using Polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid-coated Metal Nanoparticles as Monomers for Their Homo- and Co-polymerization

Published on: July 9, 2015

12.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

7.9K
Synthesis of Monodisperse Cylindrical Nanoparticles via Crystallization-driven Self-assembly of Biodegradable Block Copolymers
11:42

Synthesis of Monodisperse Cylindrical Nanoparticles via Crystallization-driven Self-assembly of Biodegradable Block Copolymers

Published on: June 20, 2019

7.9K
Using Polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid-coated Metal Nanoparticles as Monomers for Their Homo- and Co-polymerization
09:02

Using Polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid-coated Metal Nanoparticles as Monomers for Their Homo- and Co-polymerization

Published on: July 9, 2015

12.4K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Poly(hydroxystyrene) (PHS)-based block copolymers (BCPs) are versatile materials for self-assembly applications.
  • Controlling the thermal properties of BCPs is crucial for achieving ordered nanostructures.
  • The isomeric structure of hydroxystyrene monomers can influence polymer properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of isomeric structure (3-hydroxystyrene vs. 4-hydroxystyrene) on the thermal properties of PHS-based BCPs.
  • To enable thin-film assembly of BCPs through thermal annealing by modulating glass transition temperature (Tg).
  • To demonstrate the potential for creating nanostructures and functional materials using these BCPs.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of poly(3-hydroxystyrene-b-tert-butylstyrene) [P(3HS-b-tBuSt)] and poly(4-hydroxystyrene-b-tert-butylstyrene) [P(4HS-b-tBuSt)] BCPs via sequential anionic polymerization.
  • Deprotection of protected monomers to yield the final PHS-based BCPs.
  • Characterization of thermal properties (Tg) and self-assembled morphologies using techniques like thermal annealing and electron microscopy.

Main Results:

  • A decrease in Tg (by ~20-30 °C) was observed for P(3HS) compared to P(4HS) of similar molecular weights, attributed to the isomeric effect.
  • Thermally driven self-assembly was successfully demonstrated for P(3HS-b-tBuSt) BCPs in both bulk and thin films, yielding ordered morphologies.
  • P(4HS-b-tBuSt) BCPs showed poorly developed thin-film morphologies upon annealing due to cross-linking, while P(3HS-b-tBuSt) achieved periodicities as low as 8.8 nm.
  • The 3HS block's functionality was utilized to incorporate metal oxide precursors, generating sub-10 nm alumina nanowires.

Conclusions:

  • The isomeric effect provides a powerful tool to tune the thermal properties and self-assembly behavior of PHS-based BCPs.
  • P(3HS-b-tBuSt) BCPs are suitable for creating well-defined nanostructures via thermal annealing.
  • The developed BCPs offer a platform for fabricating functional nanomaterials, such as sub-10 nm alumina nanowires.