Switzerland's Dependence on a Diamorphine Monopoly

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Public Health Policy
• Supply Chain Management

Background:

• Diamorphine, pharmaceutical heroin, treats severe opioid use disorder.
• Switzerland is a major global consumer and manufacturer of diamorphine.
• A single supplier creates a risk of drug shortages.

Purpose of the Study:

• Investigate diamorphine manufacture, market, and regulatory constraints in Switzerland.
• Analyze risks associated with the current diamorphine supply chain.
• Develop recommendations to prevent and mitigate future diamorphine shortages.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of legal texts and gray literature.
• Review of International Narcotics Control Board data (2019).
• Examination of Switzerland's role in global diamorphine production and consumption.

Main Results:

• Switzerland accounts for nearly 50% of global diamorphine medical use.
• Switzerland produces over 50% of global diamorphine and holds the largest stocks.
• The country relies on a single diamorphine supplier, creating a monopoly.

Conclusions:

• The diamorphine monopoly poses a significant risk to patient treatment in Switzerland.
• Urgent action is needed to diversify suppliers and ensure a stable future supply.
• Recommendations focus on preventing shortages and safeguarding public health programs.