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Evaluation of Factors of Low Birth Weight Deliveries: A Cross Sectional Study

Shrijana Karki1, Vivechana Shakya2

  • 1Department of Nursing, Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni, Kathmandu.

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council
|May 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Maternal dietary intake and micronutrient supplementation significantly impact infant birth weight. Addressing these factors during antenatal care can reduce the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) babies.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neonatology
  • Maternal and Child Health

Background:

  • Low birth weight (LBW) presents a significant challenge to infant survival and healthy development.
  • LBW is a primary determinant of infant morbidity, mortality, and childhood disability.
  • Various maternal and newborn factors contribute to LBW, necessitating further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the contributing factors of low birth weight (LBW) among deliveries at a tertiary hospital.
  • To identify key maternal and newborn variables associated with LBW.
  • To inform strategies for reducing LBW rates.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 203 mothers delivering LBW babies.
  • Purposive sampling was employed, with data collected via self-structured questionnaires.
  • Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and independent sample t-tests using SPSS version 20.

Main Results:

  • Increased maternal dietary intake and consumption of folic acid, iron-folic acid, and calcium supplements were associated with higher mean birth weights (p<0.01, p<0.05).
  • Hypertension during pregnancy (p<0.01), infant sex (p=0.05), and gestational age at birth (p<0.01) also showed significant associations with birth weight.
  • Maternal factors and micronutrient intake significantly influence birth outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Inadequate dietary intake and insufficient micronutrient supplementation are major contributors to LBW.
  • Addressing maternal factors and ensuring adequate nutrition during pregnancy can help reduce LBW deliveries.
  • Emphasis on health teaching and counseling regarding nutrition and supplementation during antenatal care is crucial for preventing LBW.
Abstract

Keywords:
Factors of low birth weight; postnatal mothers; tertiary hospital.

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